Limits of Fluid Modeling for High Pressure Flow Simulations

Flows in liquid propellant rocket engines (LRE) are characterized by high pressures and extreme temperature ranges, resulting complex fluid behavior that requires elaborate thermo-physical models. In particular, cubic equations of state dedicated models for transport properties firmly established LRE simulations as a way to account the non-idealities high-pressure fluids. this paper, we review some shortcomings current modeling paradigm. We build on common study property errors, direct measure density or heat capacity accuracy, evaluate quality with respect pseudo boiling rocket-relevant More importantly, introduce sampling error new category, measuring how likely numerical scheme is capture real during simulation, show even reference may lead errors because failure our schemes them. Ultimately, further evolution non-ideal needed, based gained insight over last two decades.